clorin

🔤 🐧 💻

pwn.college Archives

18 / 43 158 / 10738


HTTP (curl)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 07:33:18

HTTP (python)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 07:38:27

URL Encoding (curl)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 10:49:48

URL Encoding (python)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 11:02:49

HTTP GET Parameters (netcat)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 11:10:14

HTTP GET Parameters (python)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 11:12:11

Multiple HTTP Parameters (python)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 11:42:48

Multiple Form Fields (python)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 12:15:23

HTTP JSON (curl)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 12:22:18

HTTP JSON (netcat)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 12:30:10

HTTP JSON (python)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 12:31:56

Complex HTTP JSON (curl)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 12:59:20

Complex HTTP JSON (netcat)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 13:19:19

Complex HTTP JSON (python)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 13:36:02

Server State (curl)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 13:55:42

Server State (netcat)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 13:58:01

level2.0-f2022

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-01 12:06:33

level2.1-f2022

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-01 12:08:20


ARM Architecture

5 / 28 267 / 363


Level1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-10-13 11:21:36

Level2

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-10-13 11:41:50

Level3

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-10-13 11:46:12

Level4

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-10-13 11:54:26

Level5

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-10-14 06:30:29


Intro to Cybersecurity

73 / 158 1692 / 11086


Path Traversal 1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-11-17 13:35:46

CMDi 4

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-11-17 13:49:32

Authentication Bypass 1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-11-17 13:57:57

SQLi 2

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-11-22 07:41:37

SQLi 3

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-11-28 06:06:57

SQLi 4

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-11-28 06:24:22

SQLi 5

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-02-15 09:26:23

XSS 3

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-11-30 10:42:16

XSS 4

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-12-01 06:52:23

Connect

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-17 06:27:34

Listen

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-17 06:29:06

Scan 1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-17 06:33:04

Scan 2

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-17 08:08:52

Monitor 1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-17 08:17:38

Monitor 2

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-17 08:48:39

Network Configuration

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-17 09:00:51

Ethernet

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-18 06:34:37

IP

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-18 06:50:28

TCP

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-18 07:15:53

TCP Handshake

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-19 08:12:31

ARP

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-19 07:58:44

Intercept

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-19 08:20:50

One-time Pad

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-31 16:30:23

Many-time Pad

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-11-01 07:58:05

AES

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-11-01 08:05:37

AES-ECB-CPA-Prefix-Miniboss

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-11-02 17:39:31

DHKE

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-11-02 18:26:19

RSA 1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-11-08 07:34:28

RSA 2

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-11-08 07:48:47

SHA 1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-11-02 20:16:41

SHA 2

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-11-02 20:22:21

level1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2023-12-11 13:39:17

level2

Time of First Successful Submission: 2023-12-11 13:42:52

level3

Time of First Successful Submission: 2023-12-11 13:45:13

level4

Time of First Successful Submission: 2023-12-11 13:46:48

level5

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 09:48:30

level6

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 09:51:02

level7

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 09:58:38

level8

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 09:59:47

level9

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 10:00:59

level10

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 10:05:34

level11

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 10:11:44

level12

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 10:20:28

level13

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 10:21:53

level14

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 10:23:52

level15

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 10:26:11

level16

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 11:29:30

level17

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 12:35:59

level18

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 12:38:54

level19

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 12:57:15

File Formats: Magic Numbers

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 13:13:42

Reading Endianness

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 13:18:18

Your First Overflow (easy)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-01 11:32:41

Your First Overflow (hard)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-01 11:33:13

Precision (easy)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 09:39:44

Precision (hard)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 09:45:33

Variable Control (easy)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-14 06:08:27

Variable Control (hard)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-14 06:18:47

Control Hijack (easy)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-01 12:15:12

Control Hijack (hard)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-01 12:18:02

Tricky Control Hijack (easy)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-02 07:39:58

Tricky Control Hijack (hard)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-02 07:42:35

PIEs (easy)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-02 07:49:56

PIEs (hard)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-02 07:52:22

String Lengths (easy)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-02 08:23:48

String Lengths (hard)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-02 08:40:05

Basic Shellcode

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-01 04:17:47

NOP Sleds

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-01 04:22:59

NULL-Free Shellcode

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-01 04:30:10

Hijack to (Mapped) Shellcode (easy)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-17 12:11:21

Hijack to (Mapped) Shellcode (hard)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-17 13:14:35

Hijack to Shellcode (easy)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-15 07:17:59

Hijack to Shellcode (hard)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-15 07:27:07


Program Security

102 / 161 525 / 7009


level4

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-01 05:09:33

level5

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-01 05:12:53

level6

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-01 05:20:04

level7

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-01 05:40:18

level8

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-01 05:44:08

level9

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-02 12:19:19

level10

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-01 05:57:30

level11

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-01 06:02:41

level12

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-01 06:05:22

level13

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-02 11:48:21

level14

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-01 06:31:56

level1.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-17 15:43:36

level1.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-17 19:51:08

level2.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-17 19:53:28

level2.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-17 20:09:32

level3.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-18 06:36:52

level3.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-18 06:39:02

level4.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-18 06:40:41

level4.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-18 06:42:21

level5.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-18 06:44:14

level5.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-18 06:48:09

level6.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-18 07:06:17

level6.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-18 07:15:49

level7.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-18 07:23:12

level7.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-18 14:01:19

level8.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-18 14:21:02

level8.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-21 11:03:17

level9.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-21 12:21:27

level9.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-21 12:23:37

level10.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-21 12:28:00

level10.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-21 12:32:43

level11.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-21 12:36:32

level11.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-21 13:40:58

level12.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-03 06:20:22

level12.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-03 06:28:12

level13.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-03 06:38:51

level13.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-03 06:44:57

level14.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-03 06:50:19

level14.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-03 06:53:16

level15.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-22 08:03:53

level15.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-22 08:09:33

level16.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-25 11:40:15

level16.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-25 17:02:44

level17.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-26 17:39:56

level17.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-26 18:19:26

level18.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-26 18:29:53

level18.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-26 19:14:30

level19.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-27 05:24:31

level19.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-27 05:46:22

level20.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-27 06:36:54

level20.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-27 07:16:21

level21.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-28 08:14:21

level21.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-28 18:38:20

level22.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-22 08:03:51

level22.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-22 14:50:32

level4.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-01 12:22:18

level4.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-01 12:28:57

level5.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-02 07:30:20

level5.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-02 07:37:24

level9.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-02 18:08:48

level9.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-03 06:48:01

level10.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-03 09:30:18

level10.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-03 09:43:30

level11.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-03 10:14:02

level11.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-03 10:24:58

level12.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-05 19:09:34

level12.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-06 07:50:11

level13.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-06 13:47:20

level13.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-06 13:56:45

level14.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-07 05:54:30

level14.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-08 11:49:33

level15.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-08 14:09:03

level15.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-08 16:44:53

level1.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-22 16:27:18

level1.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-22 16:28:17

level2.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-22 16:30:40

level2.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-22 16:32:48

level3.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-22 16:43:25

level3.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-22 17:04:14

level4.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-23 16:20:44

level4.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-10-23 16:59:27

level5.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-04-09 17:38:28

level5.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-04-09 17:40:11

level6.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-04-10 07:35:17

level6.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-04-10 07:37:43

level7.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-04-10 07:59:06

level7.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-04-10 08:05:35

level8.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-04-10 08:55:00

level8.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-04-10 08:58:27

level9.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-04-14 11:09:55

level9.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-04-14 15:02:44

level1.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-08 19:54:06

level1.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-09 13:37:44

level2.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-09 18:39:00

level2.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-09 18:39:27

level3.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-10 17:38:47

level3.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-10 17:40:35

level4.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-10 19:21:50

level4.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-10 19:23:34

level3.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-16 08:28:52

level3.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-20 11:34:40

level4.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-20 15:06:43


System Security

43 / 93 613 / 2264


level1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-10 03:51:12

level2

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-10 03:55:22

level3

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-10 03:58:36

level4

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-10 04:00:08

level5

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-10 04:02:53

level6

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-10 04:04:18

level7

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-10 04:06:38

level8

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-10 04:10:26

level9

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-10 04:12:28

level10

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-10 04:14:32

level11

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-10 05:45:51

level12

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-10 17:20:27

level13

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-11 08:41:30

level14

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-17 08:49:25

level15

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-17 11:18:06

level16

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-17 11:47:12

level17

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-17 12:35:35

level18

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-27 08:40:38

level1.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-11 12:34:13

level1.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-11 17:59:24

level2.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-11 18:06:26

level2.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-11 18:07:58

level3.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-11 19:34:12

level3.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-11 19:48:07

level4.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-12 13:31:25

level4.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-12 13:34:28

level5.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-16 14:33:52

level5.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-16 15:06:45

level6.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-16 14:53:11

level6.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-16 15:10:46

level7.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-28 06:43:45

level7.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-28 06:56:58

level8.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-28 07:00:56

level8.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-28 07:05:26

level9.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-28 10:37:13

level1.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-20 09:24:16

level1.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-20 09:26:23

level2.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-20 09:30:18

level2.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-20 09:35:56

level3.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-20 11:12:55

level3.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-20 11:15:36

level4.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-20 11:24:41

level4.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-11-20 11:27:47


Software Exploitation

4 / 103 859 / 1188


Level1.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-06-06 13:43:34

Level1.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-06-06 13:45:51

Level2.0

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-06-06 13:47:03

Level2.1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-06-06 13:47:52


Getting Started

10 / 10 2966 / 18405


Using the VSCode Workspace

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-06-06 12:52:34

Using the GUI Desktop

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-06-06 12:53:36

Pasting into the Desktop

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-06-06 12:55:20

Restarting Challenges

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-10-13 11:09:05

Getting Help

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-10-13 11:12:11

Challenge Programs

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-06-06 12:56:09

The Flag File

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-06-06 12:57:01

Using Practice Mode

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-06-06 12:59:47

Persistent Home Directories - One

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-06-06 13:01:50

Persistent Home Directories - Two

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-06-06 13:02:41


Linux Luminarium

84 / 84 1350 / 12293


Intro to Commands

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-07-08 08:22:47

Intro to Arguments

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-07-08 08:23:33

The Root

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-06-06 10:54:20

Program and absolute paths

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 11:06:10

Position thy self

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 11:07:02

Position elsewhere

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 11:08:01

Position yet elsewhere

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 11:08:55

implicit relative paths, from /

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 11:10:01

explicit relative paths, from /

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 11:11:02

implicit relative path

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 11:11:59

home sweet home

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 11:15:43

cat: not the pet, but the command!

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 11:17:06

catting absolute paths

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-06-06 10:56:17

more catting practice

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-06-06 11:40:59

grepping for a needle in a haystack

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 11:20:45

listing files

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 11:22:16

touching files

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 11:23:23

removing files

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-07-08 08:25:48

hidden files

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 11:25:20

An Epic Filesystem Quest

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 11:54:00

making directories

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 11:58:08

finding files

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 12:21:43

linking files

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-10-13 10:23:09

Learning From Documentation

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-06-06 11:43:11

Learning Complex Usage

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-06-06 11:44:00

Reading Manuals

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 12:24:08

Searching Manuals

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 12:25:30

Searching For Manuals

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 12:30:45

Helpful Programs

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 12:33:34

Help for Builtins

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-23 13:31:21

Matching with *

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 12:48:33

Matching with ?

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 12:55:42

Matching with []

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 12:58:26

Matching paths with []

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 13:00:07

Mixing globs

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 13:02:48

Exclusionary globbing

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 13:08:20

Redirecting output

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 13:10:41

Redirecting more output

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 13:20:27

Appending output

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-23 13:24:41

Redirecting errors

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 13:22:45

Redirecting input

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 13:24:46

Grepping stored results

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 13:28:27

Grepping live output

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 13:29:47

Grepping errors

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-23 13:25:51

Duplicating piped data with tee

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-06-06 11:48:24

Writing to multiple programs

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-10-13 10:31:04

Split-piping stderr and stdout

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-10-13 10:41:52

Printing Variables

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 12:36:49

Setting Variables

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 12:39:15

Multi-word Variables

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 12:40:27

Exporting Variables

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 12:45:23

Printing Exported Variables

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 12:38:13

Storing Command Output

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-10-13 10:45:31

Reading Input

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-23 13:33:55

Reading Files

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-23 13:35:10

Listing Processes

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-23 13:39:52

Killing Processes

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-23 13:41:54

Interrupting Processes

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-23 13:46:17

Suspending Processes

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-23 13:47:16

Resuming Processes

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-06-06 12:00:01

Backgrounding Processes

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-06-06 12:03:15

Foregrounding Processes

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-06-06 12:05:16

Starting Backgrounded Processes

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-06-06 12:06:06

Process Exit Codes

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-10-13 10:50:52

Changing File Ownership

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-06-06 12:17:14

Groups and Files

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-07-08 08:27:28

Fun With Groups Names

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-07-08 08:28:40

Changing Permissions

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-07-08 08:29:42

Executable Files

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-06-06 12:45:36

Permission Tweaking Practice

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-06-06 12:10:46

Permissions Setting Practice

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-06-06 12:15:28

The SUID Bit

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-06-06 12:49:53

Becoming root with su

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-10-13 10:58:56

Other users with su

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-10-13 11:00:11

Cracking passwords

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-10-13 11:03:52

Using sudo

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-10-13 11:06:13

Chaining with Semicolons

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-21 13:31:10

Your First Shell Script

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-05-23 13:36:44

Redirecting Script Output

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-06-06 11:56:52

Executable Shell Scripts

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-07-08 08:35:10

The PATH Variable

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-07-08 08:37:39

Setting PATH

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-07-08 08:38:46

Adding Commands

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-07-08 08:43:05

Hijacking Commands

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-07-08 08:44:17


Computing 101

69 / 69 227 / 12418


Your First Register

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 06:39:24

Your First Syscall

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 06:40:46

Exit Codes

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 06:41:44

Building Executables

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 06:44:59

Moving Between Registers

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 06:48:31

Tracing Syscalls

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 06:53:21

Starting GDB

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 06:54:49

Starting Programs in GDB

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 06:55:57

Loading From Memory

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 08:39:27

More Loading Practice

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 08:40:51

Dereferencing Pointers

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 08:42:54

Dereferencing Yourself

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 08:47:54

Dereferencing with Offsets

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 08:49:55

Stored Addresses

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 08:53:13

Double Dereference

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 08:55:23

Triple Dereference

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 08:58:34

Writing Output

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 09:03:05

Chaining Syscalls

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 09:05:03

Writing Strings

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 09:31:14

Reading Data

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 09:35:18

set-register

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-01 06:44:12

set-multiple-registers

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-02-15 08:09:40

add-to-register

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-01 06:45:42

linear-equation-registers

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-01 07:25:39

integer-division

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-01 07:18:18

modulo-operation

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-01 07:19:46

set-upper-byte

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-02-15 08:25:04

efficient-modulo

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-01 07:54:27

byte-extraction

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-01 08:08:13

bitwise-and

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-01 08:15:01

check-even

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-01 08:28:59

memory-read

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-02-15 08:33:39

memory-write

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-02-15 08:35:13

memory-increment

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-02 07:29:38

byte-access

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-02-15 08:37:44

memory-size-access

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-01 08:49:09

little-endian-write

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-01 08:54:55

memory-sum

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-01 08:58:57

stack-subtraction

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-01 09:00:51

swap-stack-values

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-01 09:02:19

average-stack-values

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-01 09:15:44

absolute-jump

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-02-15 08:41:35

relative-jump

Time of First Successful Submission: 2024-02-15 09:01:59

jump-trampoline

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-02 07:57:54

conditional-jump

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-01 10:03:52

indirect-jump

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-02 08:57:23

average-loop

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-02 07:24:14

count-non-zero

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-02 09:19:33

string-lower

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-02 13:00:41

most-common-byte

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-04 05:48:40

level1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-17 11:24:57

level2

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-17 11:28:59

level3

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-17 11:33:22

level4

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-17 11:54:12

level5

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-17 15:35:17

level6

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-17 15:33:53

level7

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-09-17 15:33:19

level8

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-24 08:58:42

Exit

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-01 06:34:53

Socket

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-01 07:52:24

Bind

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-01 08:17:59

Listen

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-01 08:24:32

Accept

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-01 08:28:38

Static Response

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-01 08:38:06

Dynamic Response

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-01 10:06:46

Iterative GET Server

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-01 10:54:22

Concurrent GET Server

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-01 10:58:25

Concurrent POST Server

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-02 18:26:18

Web Server

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-02 18:37:07


Playing With Programs

248 / 255 49 / 19270


What's the password?

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-01-23 06:35:53

... and again!

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-01-23 06:39:49

Newline Troubles

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-01-23 06:43:49

Reasoning about files

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-01-23 07:48:06

Specifying Filenames

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-01-23 07:57:54

Binary and Hex Encoding

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-01-23 08:01:23

More Hex

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-01-23 11:47:24

Decoding Hex

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-01-23 11:57:00

Decoding Practice

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-01-23 12:19:55

Encoding Practice

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-01-23 12:33:24

Hex-encoding ASCII

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-01-23 13:55:05

Nested Encoding

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-01-23 14:00:04

Hex-encoding UTF-8

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-01-23 14:14:24

UTF Mixups

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-12 11:12:36

Modifying Encoded Data

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-12 11:41:29

Decoding Base64

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-10-31 16:23:32

Encoding Base64

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-12 11:50:06

Dealing with Obfuscation

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-12 12:03:14

Dealing with Obfuscation 2

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 05:22:56

Your First HTTP Request

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 05:25:50

Reading Flask

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 05:32:51

Commented Data

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 05:34:42

HTTP Metadata

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 05:37:34

HTTP (netcat)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 07:36:25

HTTP Paths (netcat)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 10:46:09

HTTP (curl)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 10:44:26

HTTP (python)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 10:48:02

HTTP Host Header (python)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 10:42:55

HTTP Host Header (curl)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 10:36:05

HTTP Host Header (netcat)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 10:39:37

URL Encoding (netcat)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 11:05:45

HTTP GET Parameters

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 11:08:09

Multiple HTTP Parameters (netcat)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 11:26:53

Multiple HTTP Parameters (curl)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 11:17:05

HTTP Forms

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 05:39:42

HTTP Forms (curl)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 11:48:20

HTTP Forms (netcat)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 11:58:05

HTTP Forms (python)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 12:00:05

HTTP Forms Without Forms

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 06:10:01

Multiple Form Fields (curl)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 12:04:45

Multiple Form Fields (netcat)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 12:11:22

HTTP Redirects (netcat)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 13:39:57

HTTP Redirects (curl)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 13:38:46

HTTP Redirects (python)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 13:41:24

HTTP Cookies (curl)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 13:47:34

HTTP Cookies (netcat)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 13:49:30

HTTP Cookies (python)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 13:51:12

Server State (python)

Time of First Successful Submission: 2022-09-02 13:59:32

Listening Web

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-13 06:15:20

level1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 09:52:57

level2

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 09:53:50

level3

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 09:54:33

level4

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 09:55:03

level5

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 09:55:33

level6

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 09:56:10

level7

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 09:56:53

level8

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 09:57:22

level9

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 09:57:51

level10

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 09:59:49

level11

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 10:02:54

level12

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 10:07:07

level13

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 10:07:32

level14

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 10:08:06

level15

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 10:08:35

level16

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 10:09:35

level17

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 10:11:08

level18

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 10:12:29

level19

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 17:23:21

level20

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-26 17:03:14

level21

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 10:25:16

level22

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-29 07:14:04

level23

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-28 10:06:23

level24

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-28 11:33:48

level25

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 15:02:49

level26

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-29 07:18:56

level27

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 15:10:07

level28

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 15:11:32

level29

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-29 07:24:56

level30

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 15:15:43

level31

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 15:16:56

level32

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 15:19:36

level33

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 15:23:21

level34

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 15:32:09

level35

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 15:32:48

level36

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 15:35:39

level37

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 15:36:16

level38

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 15:36:44

level39

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 15:45:24

level40

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-29 06:47:40

level41

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 15:57:22

level42

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 15:57:56

level43

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 16:05:15

level44

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-29 07:03:44

level45

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 16:10:34

level46

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 16:11:16

level47

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 16:12:31

level48

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-29 07:29:21

level49

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-25 16:18:26

level50

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-28 10:57:12

level51

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-29 07:34:19

level1

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 05:59:20

level2

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 06:07:41

level3

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 11:05:47

level4

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 11:06:47

level5

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 11:11:48

level6

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 11:13:06

level7

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 11:13:47

level8

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 11:17:57

level9

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 11:19:07

level10

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 11:21:23

level11

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 11:43:32

level12

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 11:45:38

level13

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 11:47:13

level14

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 11:48:54

level15

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 11:50:34

level16

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 11:54:27

level17

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 12:29:49

level18

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 12:43:48

level19

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 13:00:21

level20

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 13:02:57

level21

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 13:05:13

level22

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 13:07:54

level23

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 13:13:53

level24

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 13:16:37

level25

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 13:19:35

level26

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 13:34:47

level27

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 13:47:17

level28

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 13:52:44

level29

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 14:04:33

level30

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 14:05:52

level31

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 14:40:37

level32

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-20 14:43:18

level33

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 10:25:22

level34

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 06:19:39

level35

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 06:20:30

level36

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 06:21:22

level37

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 06:22:00

level38

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 06:24:26

level39

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 06:25:04

level40

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 06:29:33

level41

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 06:31:25

level42

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 06:33:33

level43

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 06:34:25

level44

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 06:35:34

level45

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 06:36:18

level46

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 06:37:30

level47

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 06:39:35

level48

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 10:34:36

level49

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 10:38:35

level50

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 10:39:38

level51

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 10:41:32

level52

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-23 15:39:04

level53

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-23 15:43:38

level54

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 11:05:54

level55

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 11:07:30

level56

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 11:08:30

level57

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 11:09:37

level58

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-23 15:49:28

level59

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-23 17:43:28

level60

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 12:34:45

level61

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 12:35:49

level62

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 12:38:05

level63

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 12:38:46

level64

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 12:40:02

level65

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 12:41:22

level66

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 12:54:14

level67

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 13:25:04

level68

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 13:28:43

level70

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 07:34:39

level71

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 07:40:40

level72

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 14:56:16

level73

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 15:06:05

level74

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 08:03:53

level76

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 08:23:06

level77

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 08:29:42

level78

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-29 18:17:47

level79

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 08:35:41

level80

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 16:37:27

level82

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 16:45:33

level83

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 16:49:33

level84

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 16:54:09

level85

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-29 17:23:00

level86

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 08:39:10

level87

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 08:41:21

level88

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 08:43:41

level89

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 08:49:15

level90

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 09:04:38

level91

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 09:01:29

level92

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 09:08:56

level93

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 17:21:39

level94

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-29 09:12:50

level95

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 18:02:53

level96

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 18:04:52

level97

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 18:07:57

level98

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 18:10:29

level99

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 18:22:38

level100

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 18:36:39

level101

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 18:40:13

level102

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 18:43:05

level103

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 18:46:38

level104

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-29 09:23:39

level105

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-29 09:34:21

level106

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-30 07:16:08

level107

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-29 10:39:13

level108

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-29 10:44:46

level109

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-29 10:48:42

level110

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 19:10:27

level111

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-21 19:12:15

level112

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-22 05:54:09

level113

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-22 05:52:47

level114

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-22 05:57:01

level115

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-22 05:58:52

level116

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-22 06:00:52

level117

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-22 06:02:10

level118

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-22 06:05:04

level119

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-22 06:11:56

level120

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-29 11:37:14

level121

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-22 07:19:54

level122

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-22 07:24:32

level123

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-22 07:25:52

level124

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-22 07:29:29

level125

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-22 07:46:31

level126

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-30 16:25:58

level127

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-22 08:27:57

level128

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-22 13:11:02

level129

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-29 13:23:01

level130

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-22 14:31:57

level131

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-22 17:07:16

level132

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-22 18:31:12

level133

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-22 18:48:01

level134

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-30 17:19:26

level135

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-29 14:24:44

level136

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-30 17:29:42

level137

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-29 13:30:54

level138

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-29 13:39:53

level139

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-29 13:52:42

level140

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-30 10:49:12

level141

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-23 06:24:51

level142

Time of First Successful Submission: 2021-08-30 06:26:38

SQL Queries

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-12 12:11:18

Filtering SQL

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-12 12:25:33

Choosing Columns

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-12 13:06:21

Exclusionary Filtering

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-12 13:10:19

Filtering Strings

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-12 13:12:10

Filtering on Expressions

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-12 13:14:51

SELECTing Expressions

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-12 13:43:03

Composite Conditions

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-12 13:49:56

Reaching Your LIMITs

Time of First Successful Submission: 2025-03-12 13:51:51